an italian marxist thinker who sought answers to the questions, "why hasn't the revolution karl marx envisioned happened?" and "where did marx go wrong?" and found the answer in the middle class.
according to gramsci, marx overlooked the middle class. a revolution can only be carried out by those who have nothing to lose. however, the middle class has things to lose. at the very least, they have hopes and dreams for the future. because of this, they are unlikely to risk rebelling against the system in order to protect what they have. history shows that they have not done so.
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