an action completed using google.com to enter a search query. also said simply as "google" i.e. "to google something."

a failed state is a state whose government no longer functions properly even at the most basic level (to hold authority and protect territory), or loses its validity even if it still functions.

accused of promoting pedophilia with cuties.
twitter thread
netflix's tweet

most polarizing us president.

officially known by abbreviation akp or ak parti in turkish. conservative party in turkey founded by recep tayyip erdogan in 2001.
(see: recep tayyip erdogan)

dream job... but i'm not smart enough.

on june 1, 1812, president james madison asked congress to declare war against britain. with a navy of only 16 ships and a 7,000-man army, the united states was in no position to fight. "war hawks" were eager to conquer canada, however, and organized an invasion. the mission failed.

when, in 1814, napoleon was defeated in europe, battle-hardened british troops became available to send to america. one regiment sailed up the chesapeake river in august, defeated the militia, and marched into washington. as first lady dolley madison fled with a portrait of george washington, the british torched the white house, the capitol, and other buildings, then moved on to fort mchenry.

lincoln personally opposed slavery, but he insisted that the civil war was being fought to preserve the union, not abolish slavery. the emancipation proclamation, issued in january 1863, was lincoln's official declaration of freedom, or emancipation, for slaves in the confederacy. it was meant to satisfy abolitionists who pressured lincoln to make ending slavery a goal of the war. it was also a strategic move to help the north win the war—the south had an advantage, since the confederates could force slaves to help the war effort.

ultimately, the document was more a symbolic than an actual end to slavery, since the union could not force the rebellious southern states to free slaves, and it did not pertain to slaves in border states loyal to the union, such as maryland and kentucky. the thirteenth amendment to the constitution freed the remaining slaves.

(see: abraham lincoln)

from 1860 to 1862, the pony express operated as a mail service between san francisco, california, and st. joseph, missouri, with the u.s. postal service carrying the mail east from there. people were captivated by the image of brave riders speeding alone across the landscape, leaping onto fresh horses at every 10-mile station until they had completed their 200 miles. the pony express was fast - it took only eight days to get a letter to san francisco but it was stopped when the first transcontinental telegraph line was completed in 1862.

most useful and educational social media platform if you are keen on exploring interesting stuff. comparing with other platforms, i still spend my most time on it. besides, it has the least negative effects on human psychology.

in july 1945, at a meeting of the allied leaders in potsdam, germany, president truman received word that the world's first atomic bomb had been tested in the new mexico desert. the bomb was the result of the top-secret manhattan project, started by roosevelt in 1942 after learning that german scientists were working on such a bomb.

truman faced one of history's most difficult decisions: to invade japan, the allies would need soviet help, but truman did not trust the soviet union. additionally, america's victories in the pacific had involved so many casualties that u.s. military leaders were concerned about the loss of life that would come with a full-scale invasion. if america used this terrifying new weapon, it might force japan to surrender without an invasion. however, it would mean a tremendous loss of life and property for the japanese. with great britain's support, truman decided to use the bomb.

the japanese surrender – august-september 1945

on august 6, 1945, the first atomic bomb was dropped on the japanese city of hiroshima by the enola gay, a b-29 bomber. a four-square-mile area of the city was destroyed, killing 80.000 people. the japanese military leaders refused to surrender. on august 8, the soviet union declared war on japan. on august 9, the united states dropped a second bomb on nagasaki, killing 35,000. the japanese finally surrendered. august 15 was v-j day –victory over japan– and world war 2 was over.

he has just become a free agent!

the 21/90 rule states that it takes 21 days to make a habit and 90 days to make it a permanent lifestyle change.

alcetas was a prominent macedonian warlord who was mentioned among alexander the great's influential generals. after alexander's death, alcetas was challenged by antigonus, one of alexander's commanders. the war between the two warlords took place in the region of psidia and resulted in alcetas' resounding defeat. alcetas sought refuge in termessos, and the residents of the city provided protection to him. in subsequent months, in order to protect the city from danger, the elders of termessos wanted to hand alcetas over to antigonus, who had set his military camp at the foot of the mountain. alcetas did not want to face a gruesome death, so he took his own life. to this day, his grave lies on a rock wall in the highlands of termessos.

the grave is a 15-minute trek from the colonnaded street of termessos. it is a pleasant hike, not a cumbersome one. the first thing i noticed upon reaching the site was the large rock carving of alcetas on a horse on the wall above the grave. it surprised me greatly to see that this rock carving survived despite harsh natural elements, such as the scorching heat and interminable humidity. image

it is being used by outdoor cats as self-heating beds. image

did the cats affect the performance?