founded by martin goodman in 1939 as timely comics, marvel became one of the most influential and widely adored comic publishers with heroes like iron man, thor, and the incredible hulk. purchased by disney in 2009.

almost the national bird of the united states. a large domesticated bird most commonly used for food. traditionally served during the holidays. (see: thanksgiving)

corporate hq of google and parent company alphabet. located at 1600 amphitheatre parkway in mountain view, california. named as a blend of the words google and complex, and as a tribute to the number of the same name. (see: googolplex)

a phrase compiled of words which typically are not used together to take on a different meaning that cannot usually be deduced from the words individually. examples include raining cats and dogs or having a chip on your shoulder

current president of turkey, also served as turkey’s prime minister from 2003-2014, mayor of istanbul from 1994-1998. founder of the justice and development party (2001).

an interactive online dictionary designed to allow its users to define topics in both factual and creative ways. created in 2020 by a graduate of the university of nevada, reno

one of the hottest men in hollywood

the world's first temple. approximately, 6000 years older than stonehenge

even the worst outcome is better than uncertainty.

a social network that has the most impact on politics.
(see: #571)

samuel adams was often called the firebrand of the american revolution." a few months after the boston massacre, adams called for "committees of correspondence" in every colony. by 1774, these committees were exchanging news and ideas, which helped build a sense of national unity.

benedict arnold was an outstanding general. at saratoga, bhe showed enormous courage leading the charge that broke through burgoyne's lines. but he was a vain and sensitive man, who felt that he had been badly treated by congress and the army. in april 1779, arnold persuaded washington to put him in charge of west point, the fort on the lower hudson. once there, he arranged to sell the fort to the british. the plot was discovered; arnold escaped and was made a general by the british, but they never trusted him, even after he moved his family to england.

papers intended for benedict arnold detailing the sale of west point to the british are found in a fellow traitor's boot. image

aaron burr was a brilliant, erratic man with great personal charm-and huge ambition. he served as vice president during jefferson's first term, but the president considered him a dangerous schemer and replaced him for the 1804 election. burr ran for governor of new york instead, but lost. he blamed the defeat on vicious newspaper attacks alexander hamilton had written. when hamilton refused to apologize, burr challenged him to a duel with pistols and fatally wounded him. with a warrant out for his arrest, burr, still vice president, fled west. he was arrested and put on trial for treason in 1807. he was acquitted due to lack of evidence, but he spent the rest of his life in obscurity.

burr and hamilton's duel image

thomas nast was a 20-year-old german immigrant when the civil war began. he first became famous as an artist for harper's weekly with a drawing called "emancipation," which showed what life might be like for freed slaves. but nast is most remembered for his later work. from the mid-1860s to the 1880s, nast drew editorial cartoons to attack political corruption. he also created the elephant symbol for the republican party and the democrats' donkey. and it was nast's drawings of santa claus as the jolly, red-suited figure handing out gifts from his sleigh that gave the world the modern image we know today.

thomas edison was the most famous inventor during the great age of invention. in his lifetime, he was granted 1,093 patents. his inventions included a telegraph that would send and receive messages simultaneously over the same line; a transmitter for bell's telephone; the phonograph; the incandescent light bulb; the mimeograph machine; waxed paper; and the basic system for making motion pictures.

working at his laboratory in menlo park, new jersey, edison worked long hours, slept little, talked to himself, and became lost in his work. in fact, on his wedding night, he forgot about his bride and went back to his lab to work out a problem.