james choice

planned obsolescence is the practice of designing products to become outdated, difficult to repair, or less useful sooner than necessary so people have to replace them.

it’s heavily criticized because it can prioritize repeat sales over durability, create unnecessary waste, and turn products that could last for years into disposable purchases.

in a beautiful mind, there's a famous bar scene where john nash supposedly gets a breakthrough idea. if every guy goes after the blonde, they'll all get in each other's way. but if they pursue her friends instead, they might all have a better chance of leaving with someone.

it's a memorable introduction to strategic thinking, but the scene is hollywood, not history. game theory existed long before nash. his major contribution was the nash equilibrium: a way of understanding situations where no player can improve their outcome by changing strategy alone, assuming everyone else sticks to theirs.

a good first date is when you completely forget you're on a first date. no awkward interview questions, no trying too hard, just two people talking like they've known each other for years.

if i’ve learned anything from my major, and if all the articles and research have taught me a bit about social science, it’s that it is impossible for him to win the election.

(see: 2020 united states general election)

football manager has slowly removed pretty much everything i used to enjoy about the game.

the fun of discovering and signing wonderkids, the in-game editor becoming a paid feature, terrible ui decisions, a match engine that somehow never seems to improve, and ai that still makes the dumbest decisions imaginable.

and what's their big innovation this year?

apparently, if your team is losing 2-0 after the 60th minute, fans start leaving the stadium.

lmao. groundbreaking stuff, guys. really pushing the boundaries of gaming here.

some people treat relationships like something they can binge and throw away.

first, they shower you with attention, make you feel special, and do everything to win you over. then once the excitement wears off, suddenly you're the problem.

they twist the story until you're the toxic one, convince themselves they did nothing wrong, and move on like you never existed.

it's crazy how quickly “i've never felt this way about anyone” can turn into “you're the reason this didn't work.”

the icarus paradox is when the very thing that makes you successful eventually becomes your downfall.

like a company that gets so good at one thing that it stops adapting, or a successful person who becomes too confident to listen to anyone.

in greek mythology, icarus escaped using his wings, but those same wings led to his death.

sometimes your greatest strength becomes your biggest weakness.

imperialism is basically what happens when a powerful state starts deciding that another place should serve its interests.

sometimes that meant directly conquering territory, like britain ruling india. sometimes it meant controlling trade, resources, governments, or political decisions without formally owning the country.

anthropologically, imperialism also changed languages, religions, education, identities, and even what people were taught to think of as “civilized.”

that’s why its effects don’t disappear when an empire leaves. borders, institutions, inequalities, and cultural hierarchies can survive for generations after the flag comes down.

reddit almost started as something completely different.

huffman and ohanian first pitched a mobile food ordering idea to y combinator. it got rejected, but they were invited back to try something else. that something became reddit.

in the beginning, they created multiple accounts themselves and posted links just to make the site feel alive. then one day huffman opened reddit expecting the usual empty page and found it full of posts from usernames he didn’t recognize.

real people had finally shown up.

about 16 months after launching, reddit was sold to conde nast for a reported $10 million.

pretty good reminder that sometimes the idea that gets rejected is just the thing that gets you to the idea that works.

bretton woods didn’t make the u.s. a superpower by itself. world war ii had already left america as one of the world’s dominant economic and military powers.

but bretton woods helped lock that advantage into the global financial system.

the u.s. held about three quarters of the world’s official gold reserves, other currencies were tied to the dollar, and the dollar was tied to gold at $35 an ounce. suddenly, countries around the world needed dollars for reserves and international payments.

so america didn’t just have the biggest economy. its currency became part of the infrastructure of the global economy.

even after the gold link ended in 1971, that central role of the dollar survived.

the election where the president is not on the ballot, but the president’s ability to govern can still change overnight.

on november 3, americans will elect all 435 members of the house and roughly one third of the senate. control of either chamber can completely change what gets passed, blocked, investigated, or confirmed for the next two years.

that is why americans call them the midterms.

halfway through a presidency, the country basically gets another chance to rearrange the power structure in washington.

one of history’s clearest examples of how a reputation can completely reverse.

in world war i, petain became a national hero for his role at verdun. twenty four years later, after france fell to germany, he became head of the vichy regime, which collaborated with nazi germany and introduced its own antisemitic laws.

after the war, france convicted him of treason and sentenced him to death. because of his age and his earlier military service, charles de gaulle commuted the sentence to life imprisonment.

few biographies go from national savior to convicted traitor quite that dramatically.

this feels like the update where the iphone starts becoming less of a phone with ai features and more of an ai system that happens to be a phone.

siri ai can understand personal context, what is on your screen, and perform actions across apps. apple also refined liquid glass, improved system performance, and added more intelligence throughout core apps.

ios updates used to be about new buttons and redesigned apps.

now the real question is how much of your phone can understand you without you having to explain everything first.

a maltese nobleman whose father wanted him to become a lawyer, so naturally he moved to constantinople and spent the next forty years painting street vendors, coffeehouses, markets, costumes, and everyday ottoman life instead.

before photography made cities endlessly reproducible, preziosi was basically producing hand painted snapshots of istanbul for european travelers. his studio in pera became so well known that even the future king edward vii stopped by and bought his watercolors.

he also worked as a dragoman for foreign embassies and became so associated with the city that ottoman art writers later treated him almost as one of their own painters.

a foreigner who came to paint istanbul and ended up becoming part of its visual memory.

keith sapsford was a 14-year-old australian boy whose tragic curiosity led to one of the most haunting accidental deaths in aviation history. in 1970, driven by an adventurous spirit and a longing to see the world, he snuck into the wheel well of a japan airlines plane at sydney airport. as the aircraft ascended, the compartment door opened mid-flight, and he fell to his death from 200 feet.