the chaos theory is a branch of mathematics that studies the behavior of dynamic systems that are highly sensitive to initial conditions, also known as the butterfly effect. this means that small differences in initial conditions can lead to significantly different outcomes over time.
one example of the chaos theory in action is the behavior of a pendulum. if a pendulum is set in motion, it will swing back and forth in a predictable pattern. however, if the initial push is slightly off, the pendulum will start to swing in a slightly different pattern. as time goes on, the differences in the swing become more and more pronounced, eventually leading to completely different behaviors.